Carbohydrate Polymers 95 360-365. Micropores are produced by the arrangement of microelectrodes on the skin at precise dimensions, then RF energy generated by alternating currents induces ionic vibrations between electrodes with positive or negative charges. Fractional thermolysis by bipolar radiofrequency facilitates cutaneous delivery of peptide and siRNA with minor loss of barrier function. Kirkland, J. J.; Dilks, C. H.; Rementer, S. W. (1992). 43-1, 115-147. We believe that the microporation device can be used as a potential technique for effective transdermal drug delivery. Kasaai, M. R.; Arul, J.; Charlet, G. (2000). The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of individual samples of dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyoxyethylene over a range of molecular weights (1,500 Hrabchak C, Flynn L, Woodhouse KA. Teixeira CG, Fusieger A, Milio GL, Martins E, Drider D, Nero LA, de Carvalho AF. Immediately after 2, 5, and 10 times microporations, 97.1432.39, 80.5715.51, and 82.3916.49m sizes of micropores were formed on the skin, respectively. Pharm Res. FITC-derivatives have been used for a variety of biological applications for more than 40 yeras. The solution viscosity () is related to the solvent viscosity (o), resulting in the relative viscosity. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 27, 795-810. TdB Labs produce a wide range of FITC-derivatives (490 nm/520 nm) with a mean molecular weight ranging from 4 kDa to 2000 kDa. Int J Pharm Investig. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 41, 1260-1267. Based on these results a difference of approximately 1015% between the amounts of drugs permeated through the human skin and pig skin models should be considered during human clinical trials. Schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Synthesis and characterization of blue dextrans. These modifications include degradation of hemidesmosomes attached to the dermis, degradation of desmosomes linked to adjacent cells, contraction of intracellular tonofilament, and lamellipodia formation. This universalization of the parameters leads to a higher error ratio in the calculation of the respective molecular weights. 2018;1:10915. Hennink, W.E. This is because the macromolecule hydrodynamic radius changes the solution type and temperature via change in their chain exibility. Format), Citation-(EndNote The receptor phase was collected immediately (time 0) and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24h. This receptor phase solution was transferred to a 96-well plate and the skin-permeated FITC-dextran was measured using a microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Co. Ltd., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) at 405nm. Viswanath, D.S. Sung-Wook Choi. The correct way to interpret what Mark-Houwink parameters is determined graphically ln [] versus ln Mw, where Mw is the molecular weight provided by manufacturer, and calculate the percentage relative error (%RE) respect to Mw. 2022 Feb 22;16(2):1999-2012. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07010. Lucifer yellow (LY) and FITC-labelled dextran stock solutions were prepared in Ringers-HEPES buffer (150 mM NaCl, 3.4 mM CaCl 2, 1.2 mM MgCl 2, 5.2 mM KCl, 0.5 mM NaHCO 3, 2.8 mM glucose, and 10 mM HEPES) and frozen at 20C. Static and Dynamic Light-Scattering Solution Behavior of Pullulan and Dextran in Comparison. volume24, Articlenumber:22 (2020) Polymolecularity and polydispersity in Molecular weight determinations. a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05). Human skins (Full-thickness human skin) were supplied by HansBiomed. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72, 871-876. The dextran used is from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F which is essentially a linear -(1-6)-linked glucose chain with however a low percentage (2-5%) of -(1-3) branches distributed along the chain4. Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH. AATEX. 1994, 95-0355. Pure Appl. MeSH terms Solvent effects on polysaccharide conformation. 2011;16(2):518. Normally, the skin loses very little water loss whereas damaged skin loses more [22]. FITC-dextran solution (600L) was added to the donor chamber. The proportionality between []0 and M0.5 is obtained as a limiting law for the no draining regime. Progress in Measurement, Interpretation and Application to Structure in Dilute Solution. Solutions of dextrans and blue dextrans (0.21.0 g/L) were prepared in 0.200 M NaCl (aq). 2004;25(9):155967. For data requests, please contact the authors. For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters could be universalized with certain precautions, being an indication for the calculation of molecular weight in the temperature range of 20-40C. Indo AM J Pharm. PMC Cecopieri-Gmez, Martha L.; Palacios-Alquisira, Joaqun (2005). Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Journal of American Chemical Society, 76 (20), 5041-5052. IV. The mostly used commercial product/ polysaccharide is dextran, and it is produced from bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides, with an overall degree of branching of about 5% [1-3][1]. Dilute solution properties and degree of chain branching for dextran. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The exponent a is a function of polymer geometry, and varies from 0.5 to 2 and exponent is dimensionless. Dynamics of a Polymer Solution in a Rigid Matriz. Gums and stabilisers for the Food Industry, 5, 447-450. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter ( dh ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular size of a native dextran. TEWL measurements were taken 30min after microporation of the human and pig skin. Fixable: Fixable via Lysine. Our portfolio includes for example derivatives of dextran, polysucrose, inulin and more. SEC of mono-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a wide range of pH, MarkHouwink constants. Unperturbed dimensions and the theta temperature of dextran in ethylene glycol solutions. The calculated dextran molecular weights are corroborated by those tabulated data by the manufacturer with a relative error lower than 10%, being the exception dextrans 580 and 2000kDa with the highest relative error. Exp Cell Res. Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive alternative that addresses the limitations of oral and parenteral routes of drug administration; it enables controlled release and long-term systemic drug delivery through the skin, avoids hepatic first-pass effect, avoids gastrointestinal drug degradation, reduces discomfort and trauma resulting from hypodermic injections, and prevents safety hazards associated with dangerous medical waste from needles [1, 2]. WebThe invention relates to novel fluorescent dyes with multiple negatively charged groups in their ionized form which are 9-aminoacridines or 1-aminopyrene shaving of one of the fol Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. 2015;32(5):170413. a-d Haematoxylin/eosin-stained histological sections of human cadaver skin sample and e quantified data using ImageJ for different time periods after microporation. Kloster, C.; Bica, C.; Lartigue, C.; Rochas, C.; Samios, D.; Geissler E. (1998). A solvent at this temperature is called a theta solvent [53]. Webwhittier union high school district superintendent. The receptor chamber was filled with PBS. In Vitro Evaluation of Postbiotics Produced from Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Rainbow Trout and Nile Tilapia against the Pathogens, Dextran-Mimetic Quantum Dots for Multimodal Macrophage Imaging, Isolation of lactic acid bacteria starters from, Characterization of Antibacterial Cell-Free Supernatant from Oral Care Probiotic. 2023 Feb 17;12(4):861. doi: 10.3390/foods12040861. Citation-(RIS 20K groups (n=3, *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01). WebHydrodynamic radius = variable size of an analyte with specific MW based on dynamical properties. Kuge Takashi; Kimie Kobayashi; Shinichi Kitamura; Hiroshi Tanahashi. 2016;9706:97061E6. (1969). Dear Sir. Alan F Rawle , Can you help me in calculating the size of dextran 4 (molecular weight= 4000) and dextran 10 (molecular weight 10,000)? Th MeSH Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Before Article Curley SA. Analytes and stationary phase with Universal Calibration Relative Measurement Concentration and MW detector: RI + Viscometer Relationship between hydrodynamic volume (MW*intrinsic viscosity) and elution volume Multiple detection After 8h, the micropore became more distorted from the previous circle, suggesting that the micropores were closing. WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. Harding, Stephen E. (1997). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 4K, b M.W. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Determination of intrinsic viscosities of macromolecules and nanoparticles. In a good solvent, a temperature increase results in an intrinsic viscosity decrease and in a less-extended conformation (RH<), because the entropy value increases with an increase in temperature and it is unfavorable for an extended conformation. Treatment of acne scars by fractional bipolar radiofrequency energy. Int. Drug deliv. Doke SK, Dhawale SC. 2013;3(5):3588605. The qM-H values given by equation 13, these vary from 0.9993 to 0.9841 for the range between 8.8 to 200kDa in a temperature range of 20 to 40C. Seven dextrans, provided by Sigma, with molecular weight of 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa. It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free FITC-dextran molecular weights; 4, 10, and 20kDa molecular weight were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Palmuti Braga Vettoria, Mary Helen; Martins Franchetti, Sandra Mara; Contiero, Jonas (2012). Colloid Polym. Biological skin substitutes for wound cover and closure. Transdermal drug delivery system for non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs: a review. The genus Weissella: taxonomy, ecology and biotechnological potential. Porcine wound models for skin substitution and burn treatment. Cite this article. In the future, we plan to investigate the possibility of enhancing the delivery of other macromolecular drugs such as peptides and siRNAs using the RF-based microporation device. Immediately after formation, the microchannels are filled with interstitial fluid, making them hydrophilic, and a suitable drug delivery system [15]. ; Ross-Murphy, S.B. Learn More. Dextran is a branched polysaccharide, composed of -D-glucopyranosyl residues. WebTo address this perception, in the current study, FITC-dextran of different MWs (10, 70 and 150 kDa) was used to model the transdermal delivery of low MW biotherapeutics and mAbs with MWs of approximately 150 kDa. Guner, Ali (1999). Challenges in analysis of high-molar mass dextrans: Comparison of HPSEC, AsFlFFF and DOSY NMR spectroscopy. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). For ellipsoids, as studied by Simha, (a/b) is a function of axial ratio. European Polymer Journal, 43, 1744-1753. European Polymer Journal, 37, 619-622. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted For a values from 0-0.5 a rigid sphere is predicted in a ideal solvent, from 0.5-0.8 a random coil in good solvent, and from 0.8-2 a rigid or rod like shape is expected (stiff chain). European Biophysical Journal, 36, 85-94. Actually, everything depends on solvent you want to use and temperature. If you want to know gyration (Rg)or hydrodynamic (Rh) radius, you should Microneedles and their applications. Front Microbiol. 2009;301(8):60913. II. 4h after microporation, the sizes of the micropore decreased slightly. Characterization and Classification of Dextrans from Ninety-six Strains of Bacteria. Senti, F. R.; Hellman, N. N.; Ludwig, G.; Babcock, E.; Tobin, R.; Class, C. A., (1955). If plotted for all molecular weights, the double logarithm of [] and Mw, the value of a obtained in all cases shows a value smaller than 0.5, which reports that dextran macromolecule has a degree of hyperbranched with increasing molecular weight and increases much for higher Mw (< 200kDa) which making the application of M-H method more difficult. European. European Polymer Journal, 42, 1086-1092. Ann Surg Oncol. Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2007). The numerical value of a indicates that dextrans acquire the shape of a rigid sphere in aqueous solution; and kM-H demonstrates that under water the value decreases with temperature [71, 72]. Unperturbed dimensions and theta temperature of dextran in aqueous solutions. Bose, A.; Rollings, J. E.; Caruthers, J. M.; Okos, M. R.; Tsao, T. G. (1982). They concluded that a power law behavior seems to be approached only in the small molecular weight region.
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