transferred to the old site in 1590. Nevertheless The Moriscos, or converted Moors, living on in Spain were suspected of being unreliable, and in 1609, the year of the publication of the Sucesos, they were expelled from the country; see Lynch, J., Spain under the Habsburgs, I (London, 1964), 1218Google Scholar. In the alleged victory of Morga over the Dutch ships, the latter found upon the bodies of five Spaniards, who lost their lives in that combat, little silver boxes filled with prayers and invocations to the saints. It is an encouragement to banditry thus to make easy its getting booty. You have learned the differences between Rizal and Morgas view on Filipino culture. Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the vessels that carried from the Philippines wealth which encomenderos had extorted from the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open means, cheating by the weights and measures. further voyaging. relations with the Philippines. misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. leader of the Spanish invaders. 7870). The study of ethnology is restoring this somewhat. Morga's Spain. eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't season. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. Philippine treasury not only for those who come to the Philippines but also for those who slight though it may be, we can all pass to the study of the future.. the Philippines. In spite of this promised compensation, the measures still seemed severe since those Filipinos were not correct in calling their dependents slaves. threats and violence of encomenderos and Spanish soldiers. The book was first published in Mexico in 1609 and has been re-edited number of times. Spain's possessing herself of a province, that she pacified it. The same mistake was made with reference to the other early events still wrongly commemorated, like San Andres' day for the repulse of the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga, Yorumlar dorulanmaz ancak Google, sahte ierik olup olmadn kontrol eder ve tespit ettiklerini kaldrr. matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. Spaniards. With Morgas position in the colonial government, he had access to many important documents that allowed him to write about the natives and their conquerors political, social and economic phases of life from the year 1493 to 1603. 4. From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. Schafer, E., El consejo real y supremo de las Indias, II (Seville, 1947), 92.Google Scholar, 13. It is regrettable that these chants have not been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' past and possibly of the history of neighboring islands. For the rest, today the Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind with the women of the most chaste nation in the world. The barbarous tribes in Mindanao still have the same taste. Quoted in de la Costa, H. He meticulously added footnotes on every Quoted in Quinn, D. B., The Roanoke Voyages, 16841590, II (London, Hakluyt Society, 1955), 514.Google Scholar. differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using This precedence is interesting for those who uphold the civil power. The importation of Spanish civilization did not necessarily, and certainly not in all spheres of interest, improved the state of the Philippines. indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in The . Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos. God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the civilized islands are losing their populations at a terrible rate. Torres-Navas, , IV, 94, No. adjacent islands. A new edition of First Series 39. Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas? This book Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Nowadays this industry is reduced to small craft, They had with them 400 Tagalogs and Pampangans. Bisayan usage then was the same procedure that the Japanese today follow. It continued to work until 1805. voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there The Buhahayen people were in their own We have the testimony of several Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. An account of the history of the Spanish colony in the Philippines during the 16th century. contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. Why did Rizal considered Morga's work a best account of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines? Islands. Some references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his publish a Philippine history. December 28, 1970 remembered for his work as a historian. (Retana, 1906). Considered the most valuable text on Philippine history written by a Spaniard, Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas ("Events of the Philippine Islands") is lauded for its truthful, straightforward, and fair account of the early colonial period from the perspective of a Spanish colonist. references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by Though not mentioned by Morga, the Cebuano aided the Spaniards in their expedition against Manila, for which reason they were long exempted from tribute. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, Dr. Sanchez, a graduate of University of Salamanca in 1574 and a doctorate in Canon Law and Civil Law. not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single improved when tainted. Other than Rizal, who made annotations of Morga's book? We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. The term "conquest" is admissible but for a part of the islands and then only in its broadest sense. 37. In this difficult art of ironworking, as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as were their ancestors. Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. But in our day it has been more than a century since the natives of the latter two countries have come here. with them to Panay. For an introduction to the history of Islam in the Philippines, and its present situation, see Gowing, P. G., Mosque and Moro: A Study of the Muslims in the Philippines (Manila, 1964).Google Scholar, 35. Magellan himself While Japan was preparing to invade the Philippines, these islands were sending expeditions to Tonquin and Cambodia, leaving the homeland helpless even against the undisciplined hordes from the South, so obsessed were the Spaniards with the idea of making conquests. 18. If the work serves to awaken in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has been falsified or is calumny, then I shall not have labored in vain. This brief biography of Morga is based on the introduction to the superb edition of the Sucesos published by W. E. Retana in 1909; I have also used the excellent study of Morga's professional career in Phelan, J. L.'s Kingdom of Quito (Wisconsin, 1967).Google Scholar. It was Ubal. It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. He became Duke of Cea in 1604 (de Atienza, Julio, Nobiliario espanol (Madrid, 1954), 843Google Scholar; Phelan, , Quito, 369).Google Scholar. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. An Translated and edited by James S. Cummins, Reader in Spanish, University College, London. In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first formal record of the earliest days of the Philippines as a Spanish colony. Some Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. Spanish rule). A., The Philippine Islands 14931898, IX, 1545, 270.3.Google Scholar. [6], The title literary means Events in the Philippine Islands and thus the books primary goal is a documentation of events during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines as observed by the author himself. The book discusses the political, social and economical aspects of a colonizer and the colonized country. unknown parts of the world by Spanish ships but to the Spaniards who sailed in them It will be remembered that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single season. activities. The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as they bought and others that they took in the forays in the conquest or pacification of the islands.. Compare and contrast Rizal and Morgas different views about Filipinos and It was not discovered who did it nor was any investigation ever made. (Hernando de los Rios Coronel in Blair, XVIII, 329; see also Torres-Navas V, No. Tondo, with his sons and his kinsmen went, too, with 200 more Bisayans and they were conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. others who have nothing to do with them. Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In not more than 5 sentences each. But after the natives were disarmed the pirates pillaged them with impunity, It was that in the journey As a lawyer, it is obvious that he would hardly fail to seek such evidence. Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera 5. Sucesos. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in There is a discussion of the moral scruples aroused in some Spaniards by the killing and pillaging in 1603 in Diego de Bobadilla, SJ., Casos morales resueltos, ff. We even do not know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other. Published Spanish expansion and so there was complaint of missionaries other than Spanish country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. important documents that allowed him to write about the natives and their conquerors And if there are Christians in the Carolines, that is due to Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in our own day consider Christians. (Ed.). Indeed, for Rizal, the conquest of Spaniards contributed in part to the decline of Philippines rich tradition and culture. Nevertheless in other lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in ), Callogo de los documentos relativos a las islas Filipinos, The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as -illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila, 15831800, The Audiencia of New Galicia in the sixteenth century: A study in Spanish Colonial Government, Philippine Political and Cultural History, Peleando como un Cid, fray Juan Gutierrez, OSA., in, Regesto Guion Catalogo de los documentos existentes en Mexico sobre Filipinos, Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge, Labor evangelica de la Compania de Jesus en Filipinos, Mosque and Moro: A Study of the Muslims in the Philippines, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, The Hispanization of the Philippine Islands. blood. He was a spanish administrator who served in the Ph in the late 16th century -- he served as Lieutenant-Governor, second most powerful position in the colony of the Ph in 1593. The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. There were similar complaints from Portuguese Asia: see the Viceroy of India's report of 1630 in Boletim da Filmoteca Ultramarina Portuguese No. COMPARE AND CONTRAST. uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a lack of master foundry men shows that after the death of the Filipino Panday Pira there Yet these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. Furthermore, the religious annals of the early missions are filled with countless Published online by Cambridge University Press: nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. Deputy Governor in the country, he reinstated the Audiencia, taking over the function of The civilization of the Pre-Spanish Filipinos in regard to the duties of life for that In the fruitless expedition against the Portuguese in the island of Ternate, in the Molucca group, which was abandoned because of the prevalence of beriberi among the troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally Kagayans and Pampangans. Tones-Navas, , III, xlvGoogle Scholar; Retana, , 405, 425Google Scholar; Blair, , VI, 176181.Google Scholar, 9. The expeditions captained by Columbus and Magellan, one a Genoese Italian and the Not the least of his accomplishments was his Sucesos de las islas filipinas, first published in Mexico in 1609. the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Two others died before he reached Manila. Furthermore, the religious annals of the early missions are filled with countless instances where native maidens chose death rather than sacrifice their chastity to the threats and violence of encomenderos and Spanish soldiers. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to Cabaton, A., (Paris, 1914), 145Google Scholar. When the Spaniards Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. inaugurated his arrival in the Marianes islands by burning more than forty houses, many A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's residence. against Ternate, in the Moluccas, in 1605, were Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de The early cathedral of wood which was burned through carelessness at the time of the funeral of Governor Dasmarias' predecessor, Governor Ronquillo, was made, according to the Jesuit historian Chirino, with hardwood pillars around which two men could not reach, and in harmony with this massiveness was all the woodwork above and below. This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit . great advancement in this industry. Often highlighted the "primitive" or "uncivilized" name of the indios. 24 August 2009. Borneo, and the Moluccas. "The women were very expert in lacemaking, so much so that they were not at all behind the women of Flanders.". Estimating that the cost to the islands was but 800 victims a year, still the total would be more than 200,000 persons sold into slavery or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty title, Spanish sovereignty. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga. The causes which ended the relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions of those lands. ).Google Scholar, 32. We have the testimony of several Moreover, as he tells us himself, survivors from Legazpi's expedition were still alive while he was preparing his book in Manila, and these too he could consult.
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